Мировые религии и культы: главные святыни. От паломничества до религиозного туризма - Кэтрин Херлок

476

Nicholas P. Dunning, ‘Life and Death from the Watery Underworld: ancient Maya interaction with caves and cenotes’, in Sacred Waters: A Cross-Cultural Compendium of Hallowed Springs and Holy Wells, ed. Celeste Ray (London: Routledge, 2020), 51.

477

Luis Alberto Martos López, ‘Underwater Archaeological Exploration of the Mayan Cenotes’, Museum International; Underwater Cultural Heritage, LX (2008), 106.

478

David Webster, ‘Maya Drought and Niche Inheritance’, in The Great Maya Droughts in Cultural Context, ed. Gyles Iannone (Boulder: University Press of Colorado, 2014), 334, 356.

479

J. Eric Thompson, Maya History and Religion (Norman: University of Oklahoma Press, 1970, reprinted 1990), 204.

480

Reed, ‘The Well of the Maya’, 161.

481

Joel W. Palka, Maya Pilgrimage to Ritual Landscapes: Insights from Archaeology, History and Ethnography (Albuquerque: University of New Mexico Press, 2014), 56.

482

William M. Ringle, Tomás Gallareta Negrón and George J. Bey III, ‘The Return of Quetzalcoatl: Evidence for the spread of a world religion during the Epiclassic period’, Ancient Mesoamerica, 9 (1998), 183–232.

483

Robert J. Sharer and Loa P. Traxler, The Ancient Maya, 6th edn (Stanford: Stanford University Press, 2006), 619.

484

J. Gregory Smith and Tara M. Bond-Freeman, ‘In the Shadow of Quetzalcoatl: How Small Communities in Northern Yucatán Responded to the Chichén Itzá Phenomenon’, in Landscapes of the Itza: Archaeology and Art History at Chichén Itzá and Neighboring Sites, ed. Linnea Wren, Cynthia Kristan-Graham, Travis Nygard and Kaylee Spencer (Gainesville: University Press of Florida, 2018), 143.

485

Donald Ediger, The Well of Sacrifice (New York: Doubleday, 1971), 16.

486

Халач-виник – глава провинции у юкатанских майя.

487

Inga Clendinnen, Ambivalent Conquests: Maya and Spaniard in Yucatán, 1517–1570 (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2003), 95; Landa’s Relación 180–81, 184.

488

Quoted in Ismael Arturo Montero García, ‘Astronomy, Architecture and Caverns’, in The Role of Archeoastronomy in the Maya World: the Case Study of the Island of Cozumel (Mexico City: UNESCO, 2020), 103–104.

489

Ralph L. Roys, The Book of Chilam Balam of Chumayel (Norman: University of Oklahoma Press, 1967), 173.

490

Kristin Romey, ‘Watery tombs’, Archaeology, 58 (2005), 49.

491

Price et al. ‘Place of Origins’, 98–115.

492

Traci Ardern, ‘Empowered children in Classic Maya Sacrificial Rites’, Childhood in the Past, 4 (2011), 133–45; Guillermo de Anda Alanis, ‘Sacrifice and Ritual Mutilation in Postclassical Maya Society: Taphonomy of the Human Remains from Chichén Itzá’s Cenote Sagrada’, in New Perspectives on Human Sacrifice and Ritual Body Treatments in Ancient Maya Society, ed. Vera Tiesler and Andrea Cucina (New York: Springer, 2007), 190; Reed, ‘The Well of the Maya’, 160–61.

493

Anthony P. Andrews and Roberta Coletta, ‘A Brief History of Underwater Archaeology in the Maya Area’, Ancient MesoAmerica, 6 (1995), 103.

494

Pablo Bush Romero, ‘The sacred well of Chichen-Itza’, Unesco Courier (1972), 32.

495

Annabeth Headrick and John W. Hoopes, ‘Foreign encounters: warfare, trade, and status at Chichen Itza’, in 3,000 Years of War and Peace in the Maya Lowlands, ed Geoffrey E. Braswell (Abingdon: Routledge, 2022), 279–83.

496

Coggins, Cenote of Sacrifice, 26, 111.

497

Disk G, A.D. 800–900. Mexico, Yucatan, Chichén Itzá, Sacred Cenote. Maya. Gold, 24 × 20 × 0.1 cm. Peabody Museum of Archaeology and Ethnology, Harvard University (10–71–20/C10067); Headrick and Hoopes, ‘Foreign encounters’, 279–83; Samuel Kirkland Lothrop, Metals from the Cenote of Sacrifice, Chichén Itza, Yucatan (Cambridge, MA: Peabody Museum Press, 1952), 51–2.

498

Reed, ‘The Well of the Maya’, 161.

499

Чьяпас и Табаско – штаты Мексики.

500

Palka, Maya Pilgrimage to Ritual Landscapes, 81; Lothrop, Metals from the Cenote of Sacrifice, 3.

501

Lothrop, Metals from the Cenote of Sacrifice, 98; Cynthia KristanGraham and Linnea Wren, ‘Introduction: Looking Backward, Looking Forward at Chichén Itza’, in Landscape of the Itzá: Archaeology and Art History at Chichén Itzá and Neighboring Sites, ed. Linnea Wren, Cynthia Kristan-Graham, Travis Nygard and Kaylee Spencer (Gainesville: University Press of Florida, 2018), 20.

502

Romey, ‘Watery tombs’, 49.

503

Quoted in Coggins, Cenote of Sacrifice, 23; John L. Stephens, Incidents of Travel to Yucatan, in 2 Volumes (Frankfurt am Main: Verlag GmbH, 2020), ii, 192.

504

John B. Carson, ‘Pilgrimage and the Equinox «Serpent of Light and Shadow» Phenomenon at the Castillo, Chichén Itzá’, Archeoastronomy: the Journal of Astronomy and Culture, xiv (1999), 136–9.

505

García, ‘Astronomy, Architecture and Caverns’, 85–6.

506

Лей-линии – предполагаемые геометрические энергетические линии разных масштабов, соединяющие древние памятники, вершины, хребты и другие священные места.

507

Alexandra Alper, ‘UFO Lovers, light-seekers and lawyers await Maya end of days’, Reuters 20 December 2012, https://www.reuters.com/article/maya-calendar/ufo-lovers-light-seekers-and-lawyers-await-mayaend-of-days-idUSL1E8NEDID20121220/.

508

Keith Augustus Burton, The Blessing of Africa: The Bible and African Christianity (Downers Grove, IL: IVP Academic, 2007), 199.

509

Bailier Wallys Diffie and George D. Winius, Foundations of the Portuguese Empire, 1415–1580 (Minneapolis: University of Minnesota, 1977), 156–7; Mike