Мировые религии и культы: главные святыни. От паломничества до религиозного туризма - Кэтрин Херлок

241

Toby Craig Jones, Desert Kingdom: How Oil and Water Forged Modern Saudi Arabia (Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, 2010), 28, 256.

242

Описание города того времени см.: Rutter, The Holy Cities of Arabia, vol 1, 124–40.

243

Речь о комплексе высотных зданий «Абрадж аль-Бейт».

244

Adam J. Silverstein, Islamic History: A Very Short Introduction (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2010), 49.

245

Malcolm X, The Autobiography of Malcolm X: As Told to Alex Haley (New York: Ballantine Press, 1973), 346.

246

Joan Catherine Henderson, ‘Religious Tourism and Its Management: The Hajj in Saudi Arabia’, International Journal of Tourism Research, 13 (2011), 541–52; Jonathan Bucks, ‘The Hajj Crush: «It was the closest thing to hell on earth»’, Guardian, 23 December 2015, https://www.theguardian.com/news/2015/dec/23/hajj-crush-pilgrimage-meccastampede-saudi-arabia-mina-valley#:~: text=Alone%20and%20unable%20to%20speak,thing%20to%20hell%20on%20earth.%E2%80%9D.

247

Joseph Gill, The Council of Florence (Cambridge: University of Cambridge Press, 1959), 321–7.; Sam Kennerley, ‘Ethiopian Christians in Rome, c. 1400–c. 1700’, in A Companion to Religious Minorities in Early Modern Rome, ed. M. C. Wainwright and E. Nicholson (Leiden: Brill, 2020), 144–5.

248

Великий западный раскол (Папский раскол) – раскол в Римской церкви (1378–1417), когда сразу несколько претендентов на понтификат назвали себя папами.

249

Robert Glass, ‘Filarete’s Renovation of the Porta Argentea at Old Saint Peter’s’, in Old St Peter’s Rome, ed. R. McKitterick, J. Osborne, C. M. Richardson and J. Story (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2013), 349–52.

250

The Chronicle of Adam of Usk, 1377–1421, ed. and trans. C. Given-Wilson (Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1997), 189.

251

Eusebius, Life of Constantine, trans. and commentary by A. Cameron and S. G. Hall (Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1999), II, 21, 28, 40; III, 1.6.

252

Liber Pontificalis (Книга понтификов) – сборник деяний пап римских, начиная с апостола Петра.

253

The Book of Pontiffs (Liber Pontificalis): the Ancient Biographies of the First Ninety Roman Bishops to AD 715, trans. Raymond Davis (Liverpool: Liverpool University Press, 1989), 29, 212; J. Curran, Pagan City and Christian Capital: Rome in the Fourth Century (Oxford: Clarendon Press, 2000), 152–5.

254

Norbert D. Brockman, ‘Marian Pilgrimage and Shrines’, Marian Studies, 51 (2000), 99.

255

Alan Thacker, ‘Rome: the pilgrims’ city in the seventh century’, in England and Rome in the Early Middle Ages: Pilgrimage, Art, and Politics, ed. Francesca Tinti (Turnhout: Brepols, 2014), 117–18.

256

Alan Thacker, ‘Rome of the Martyr Saints, Cults and Relics, Fourth to Seventh Centuries’, in Roma Felix: Formation and Reflections of Medieval Rome, ed. Éamonn Ó Carragáin, Carol Neumann de Vegvar (London: Routledge, 2007), 33.

257

Gillian Mackie, Early Christian Chapels in the West: Decoration, Function and Patronage (Toronto: University of Toronto Press, 2003), 72, 195, 235–6; The Book of Pontiffs (Liber Pontificalis), I, 261–2.

258

N. Miedema, ‘Following in the Footsteps of Christ: Pilgrimage and Passion Devotion’, in The Broken Body. Passion Devotion in Late-Medieval Culture, ed. A. A. MacDonald, H. N. B. Ridderbos, and R. M. Schlusemann (Groningen: Egbert Forsten, 1998), 80.

259

Bede, The Ecclesiastical History of the English People (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1999), x–xi, 244–5, 339; Bede, ‘Lives of the Abbots of Wearmouth and Jarrow’, in The Age of Bede, ed. and trans. D. H. Farmer (Harmondsworth: Penguin, 1965), 192–3, 196.

260

Margaret Meserve, Papal Bull: Print, Politics, and Propaganda in Renaissance Rome (Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press, 2021), 171.

261

Ibid., 162.

262

Chronicon Astense, in Ferdinand Gregorious, History of the City of Rome in the Middle Ages, Volume V, Part II, trans. Annie Hamilton (London: George Bell, 1906), 560.

263

Jessica Maier, The Eternal City: A History of Rome in Maps (Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 2020), 108.

264

R. J. B. Bosworth, Whispering City: Rome and Its Histories (New Haven: Yale University Press, 2011), 104.

265

Arthur White, Plague and Pleasure: the Renaissance World of Pius II (Catholic University of America Press, 2014), 30.

266

Christopher Hibbert, Rome: The Biography of a City (London: Penguin, 2001), 116–17.

267

Charles Stinger, The Renaissance in Rome (Bloomington: Indiana University Press, 1985), 31.

268

Авиньонское пленение пап – период с 1309 по 1377 годы, когда резиденция папы римского находилась во французском Авиньоне вместо Рима. Папы чувствовали себя там в большей безопасности. Это привело к фактическому распаду Папской области на Апеннинском полуострове.

269

Ernest Hatch Wilkins, Life of Petrarch, (Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1961), 2.

270

Carol M. Richardson, Reclaiming Rome: Cardinals in the Fifteenth Century (Leiden; Brill, 2009), 147

271

White, Plague and Pleasure, 94, 260; Hibbert, Rome, 116; Bosworth, Whispering City, 62.

272

Eleanor Clark, Rome and a Villa (New York: HarperCollins, 1992), 214.

273

Rosamund McKitterick, ‘The representation of Old Saint Peter’s basilica in the Liber Pontificalis’, in Old Saint Peter’s Rome, 99–100.

274

Hibbert, Rome, 76.

275

Ibid.

276

Оспиций – дом, принадлежащий религиозной общине для совместного проживания ее членов, религиозных собраний, который зачастую служил приютом для странствующих.

277

Yolande Lammerant, ‘Les Pèlerins des Pays-Bas méridionaux a Saint-Julien